Posts Tagged ‘Gas Chromatography’

Part 9: Finding Pure Essential Oils

Thursday, December 9th, 2010

Young Living's GC-MS in Spanish Fork, UT lab

Our research and quality control laboratories in Utah have three gas chromatograph (GC) instruments.  Two of these GC instruments possess dual-FID detectors, auto-injectors, and auto-samplers. The FID (flame ionization detector) counts carbons in the aromatic molecule so that its structure can be compared to a reference sample. Auto-injectors automatically inject the essential oil, and the auto-sampler allows you to program a series of injections for precise quantity and timing if you run multiple samples in sequence.

We use these instruments daily to routinely evaluate every new batch of essential oil that enters Young Living to verify that it meets strict Young Living Therapeutic Grade™ standards, a term that I coined in 1991. The third GC instrument has an FID and mass spectrometer (MS). This third GC-MS is reserved for research to identify individual components of new essential oils before they are introduced to distributors.

In May 2010 I built a new laboratory and installed our first GC in Ecuador, and on September 8, 2010, our new mass spectroscopy detector (MSD) arrived. It ionizes molecules and then scans them, providing a “molecular fingerprint.”

We are also adding a polarimeter, which measures optical rotation. Optical rotation allows us another means to check for purity and possible adulteration.

Our essential oil chemical reference library has over 280,000 compound references that have taken us 12 years to compile. Today, with the instruments Young Living owns in our two laboratories, we posses the most advanced and complete laboratories in North and South America for the analysis of plant compounds and their identity.

Our instruments are the only ones in the world that are matched and calibrated to the instruments used in the Central Service Laboratory in France by Dr. Hervé Casabianca, who was on the directing committee that wrote the AFNOR Standards, which are accepted worldwide as the average essential oil standards. With Dr. Casabianca’s help, Young Living is raising the bar for the standards of essential oils.

To be continued . . .

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Part 7: Finding Pure Essential Oils

Wednesday, November 24th, 2010

YL lavender farm in Simiane-la-Rotonde, France

As Young Living grew, the need to do my own in-house testing became greater and greater.  Finally, in 1996 I purchased my first gas chromatograph instrument, which was the beginning of our analytical facility, which has now become a very sophisticated laboratory.

Now, with these instruments for analyzing the essential oils, because of all my years of distilling, I can see what chemical profile comes from different times of harvesting such as in the morning, noon, or afternoon; from the day-time temperature; from the temperature in the cookers; and from the length of time the plants are cooked. Because of the vast number of variables, it would be impossible to know all of the criteria for the best time and way of distilling without this laboratory analysis.

In 2000 I purchased an all-lavender farm in the Simiane Valley in the heart of Provence, France, which became the fourth farm for Young Living. I was thrilled to share and converse with other farmers as one of the community members of lavender growers. Many distributors have come and volunteered their time to help in the harvest and bask in the aroma of freshly distilled lavender.

A few months later, I was riding through the timberland with Mary in the northern part of Idaho near the Canadian border looking at the different tree farms and the possibility for new opportunities. With the distillery in St. Maries, Idaho, we felt that we should be looking for different plant material that we could distill. What we found was appalling! A large number of Christmas tree farms were being destroyed. Hundreds of acres of balsam fir trees seemed to have grown too big to be useful, and so the farmers were just cutting them down and burning them.

This gave me another great idea, which led to the beginning of my fifth farm. This proved to be very rewarding as we learned a great deal through the distillation of this “unwanted tree.” Now harvesting the balsam fir trees has become an annual event as many of you have joined me at this farm in the freezing Idaho winters to take part in this “chilling,” but exciting, activity!

To be continued . . .

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Part 5: Finding Pure Essential Oils

Thursday, November 11th, 2010

Gary & Dr. Baser (far right) at UNIDO

About this same time, from 1992 until 1994, yet another door opened to me when I met Dr. Hervé Casabianca, the most reputable essential oil and plant molecular analytical chemist in the world. Dr. Casabianca started teaching me gas chromatography analysis. He also taught me what goes on in the world of oil adulteration and how to recognize it.

As I continued my search for knowledge, I was able to study at the Albert Vieille Laboratory in Vallauris, France, to further my chemistry education in gas chromatography. In 1995, while presenting at a UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization) conference at the Anadolu University in Eskisehir, Turkey, I was invited by Professor Husnu Baser to attend classes in gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. I accepted the offer, and in 1997 I was enrolled in 120 class hours of practical training in essential oils, plant compounds, and analysis.

In 1989 I began my first farming project near Spokane, Washington, on a quarter acre of ground behind my office. In this little piece of ground, I planted various herbs and plants to see how they would grow. In May of 1992, I bought 160 acres in St. Maries, Idaho, and moved all of the plants and herbs there, where I had the acreage to grow them and really start farming. This became my first Young Living Essential Oils farm.

Also in 1992 I leased my second farm in the central region of Provence, France. Here I was able to learn much more, as I was able to work with other lavender growers and visit their farms and distilleries, which helped me determine what I liked and felt was the best way to extract the oil and maintain the highest quality. It was here that many ideas came to me about how I wanted to grow and develop my own techniques for better distilling.

To be continued . . .

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